Storyboard

跳转传值

构造函数传参

• 界面指着button按住control拖到代码里，生成关联

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    @IBAction func touchJump(_ sender: Any) {
        print("跳转");
        
        // 传值方法
        let view2 = ViewController2(data: "好好学习");

        self.present(view2, animated: true) {
            print("跳转成功");
        }
    }
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
    }
}

• new file -> Cocoa Touch class -> subclass of: UIViewController

import UIKit

class ViewController2: UIViewController {
    var data: String?;
    init(data: String? = nil) {
        super.init(nibName: nil, bundle: nil);
        self.data = data
    }
    required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: coder);
    }
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.red;
        let button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 100, height: 50))
        button.setTitle("返回", for: UIControl.State.normal)
        button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(back), for: UIControl.Event.touchUpInside)
        self.view.addSubview(button);
        
        // 接受界面入参
        let label = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 200, width: 200, height: 50));
        label.text = data;
        label.textColor = UIColor.white;
        self.view.addSubview(label);
    }
    @objc func back () {
        self.dismiss(animated: true) {
            print("返回了");
        }
    }
}

指定内容传参

import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController {
    @IBAction func touchJump(_ sender: Any) {
        print("跳转");

        // 传值方法
        let view2 = ViewController2();
        view2.data = "我是第一个页面给你的值！";

        self.present(view2, animated: true) {
            print("跳转成功");
        }
    }
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
    }
}

import UIKit

class ViewController2: UIViewController {
    var data: String?;
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.red;
        let button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 100, height: 50))
        button.setTitle("返回", for: UIControl.State.normal)
        button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(back), for: UIControl.Event.touchUpInside)
        self.view.addSubview(button);
        
        // 接受界面入参
        let label = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 200, width: 200, height: 50));
        label.text = data;
        label.textColor = UIColor.white;
        self.view.addSubview(label);
    }
    @objc func back () {
        self.dismiss(animated: true) {
            print("返回了");
        }
    }
}

反向传值

协议传值法

import UIKit

// 实现了指定的接受参数的协议
class ViewController: UIViewController, View2BackSendDataProtocal {
    var label: UILabel?;
    @IBAction func jump(_ sender: Any) {
        let view2 = View2();

        // 进入该页面的时候赋值 delegate 为自己，让其调用自己实现协议的赋值方法
        view2.delegate = self;
        self.present(view2, animated: true);
    }
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        label = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 100, width: 100, height: 50));
        self.view.addSubview(label!);
    }
    func sendData(data: String) {
        print("data: \(data)");
        self.label?.text = data;
    }
}

import UIKit

// 只做一个协议，实现此协议的 类 需要实现【接受值的方法】
protocol View2BackSendDataProtocal {
    func sendData(data: String);
}

class View2: UIViewController {

    // delegate是一个【实现了指定协议的类】
    var delegate: View2BackSendDataProtocal?
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.gray;
        let button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 100, width: 100, height: 50));
        button.setTitle("返回", for: UIControl.State.normal);
        button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(jump), for: UIControl.Event.touchUpInside);
        self.view.addSubview(button);
    }

    // 返回事件
    @objc func jump() {

        // 此时 delegate 已经是可以接收值的 【实现了协议的类】 了
        delegate?.sendData(data: "儿子给你的数据！");
        self.dismiss(animated: true);
    }
}

闭包传值法

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    var label: UILabel?;
    @IBAction func jump(_ sender: Any) {

        // 实现view2 的闭包函数
        let view2 = View2();
        view2.closure = ({s -> Void in
            self.label?.text = s;
        })
        self.present(view2, animated: true);
    }
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        label = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 100, width: 100, height: 50));
        self.view.addSubview(label!);
    }
}

import UIKit
class View2: UIViewController {
    
    // 预留一个 optional类型的闭包
    var closure: ((String) -> Void)?

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.gray;
        let button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 100, width: 100, height: 50));
        button.setTitle("返回", for: UIControl.State.normal);
        button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(jump), for: UIControl.Event.touchUpInside);
        self.view.addSubview(button);
    }
    @objc func jump() {

        // 调用自己的闭包函数
        self.closure!("还你的值！");
        self.dismiss(animated: true);
    }
}

UINavigator

• 将默认的view删掉，加上一个UINavigation
• 新建第一个页面controller 的 class
• 点击 root view -> 右边第四个选项关联class

import UIKit
class TableViewController: UITableViewController {
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.title = "首页";

        // 设置顶部导航栏
        self.navigationController?.navigationBar.barTintColor = UIColor.white;
        let barItem = UIBarButtonItem(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonItem.SystemItem.done, target: self, action: #selector(click));
        self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = barItem;
    }

    @objc func click() {

        // 跳转到第二个页面
        let viewController = ViewController();
        self.navigationController?.pushViewController(viewController, animated: true);
    }
  
    // MARK: - Table view data source
    override func numberOfSections(in tableView: UITableView) -> Int {
        // #warning Incomplete implementation, return the number of sections
        return 0
    }
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        // #warning Incomplete implementation, return the number of rows
        return 0
    }
}

• ViewController

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        self.title = "关于";
        self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue;
        
        // 不写默认是出栈，title是上一个栈的title
        let backItem = UIBarButtonItem(title: "< 返回", style: UIBarButtonItem.Style.plain, target: self, action: #selector(pop))
        self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = backItem;
        
    }
    @objc func pop() {
        self.navigationController?.popViewController(animated: true);
        _ = self.navigationController?.popViewController(animated: true);
    }
}

UITabBarController

• Main创建UITabController
• 按住control从UITabBarController拖到要关联的页面即可完成关联
• 创建多个viewController

import UIKit

class ViewController3: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.green;
        let item = UITabBarItem(tabBarSystemItem: UITabBarItem.SystemItem.contacts, tag: 2);
        self.tabBarItem.title = "我的"; // 无效
        self.tabBarItem = item;
        self.tabBarItem.badgeValue = "99+"
    }
}

由于是在viewDidLoad初始化的，所以初始化需要在页面首次被打开才会展示正确。书上说可以在视图控制器的构造方法中进行

UIAlertController

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad();

        let button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 20, y: 100, width: 100, height: 50));
        button.setTitle("出弹窗", for: UIControl.State.normal);
        button.backgroundColor = UIColor.darkGray;
        button.tintColor = UIColor.white;
        button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(alert), for: UIControl.Event.touchUpInside);
        self.view.addSubview(button);
    }
    @objc func alert() {
        // 整体的弹框
        let alertController = UIAlertController(title: "确定要点击吗？", message: "系统会崩溃哦～", preferredStyle: .alert);
        
        // 用户的选项
        let ok = UIAlertAction(title: "确定", style: UIAlertAction.Style.default) {action in
            print("点击了确定");
        }
        let cancel = UIAlertAction(title: "取消", style: UIAlertAction.Style.cancel) {action in
            print("点击了取消");
        }
        alertController.addAction(ok);
        alertController.addAction(cancel);
        self.present(alertController, animated: true);
    }
}

WebView

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        let webView = UIWebView(frame: self.view.bounds);
        let url = URL(string: "https://www.bilibili.com");
        let request = URLRequest(url: url!);
        
        webView.loadRequest(request);
        self.view.addSubview(webView);
    }
}

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, UIWebViewDelegate {
    var webView: UIWebView?;
    var back: UIButton!;
    var go: UIButton!;
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        webView = UIWebView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: self.view.frame.width, height: self.view.frame.height - 60));
        let url = URL(string: "https://www.bilibili.com");
        let request = URLRequest(url: url!);
        
        webView!.loadRequest(request);
        self.view.addSubview(webView!);
        webView?.delegate = self;
        
        let toolBar = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: self.view.frame.size.height - 60, width: self.view.frame.size.width, height: 30));

        toolBar.backgroundColor = UIColor.gray;
        
        back = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 30))
        back.setTitle("返回", for: .normal);
        back.addTarget(self, action: #selector(goBack), for: UIControl.Event.touchUpInside)
        
        go = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 50, y: 0, width: 100, height: 30))
        go.setTitle("前进", for: .normal);
        go.addTarget(self, action: #selector(goFront), for: UIControl.Event.touchUpInside);
        
        toolBar.addSubview(back);
        toolBar.addSubview(go);
        self.view.addSubview(toolBar);
    }
    @objc func goBack() {
        webView!.goBack();
    }
    @objc func goFront() {
        print("前进");
        webView!.goForward();
    }
    func weViewDidFinshLoad(_ webView: UIWebView) {
        back.isEnabled = webView.canGoBack;
        go.isEnabled = webView.canGoForward;
    }
}

Webkit

• 优于webview
• 网页与原生交互频繁的场景处理，有与javascript交互的方法。

import UIKit
import WebKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    var wkView: WKWebView?
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
        
        let configuration = WKWebViewConfiguration();
        wkView = WKWebView(frame: self.view.frame, configuration: configuration);
        self.view.addSubview(wkView!);
        let url = URL(string: "http://www.bilibili.com");
        let request = URLRequest(url: url!)
        wkView!.load(request);
    }
}

import UIKit
import WebKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, WKScriptMessageHandler {
    var wkView: WKWebView?
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        // 偏好设置
        let configuration = WKWebViewConfiguration();
        configuration.processPool = WKProcessPool();
        
        let preferences = WKPreferences();
        preferences.minimumFontSize = 0;
        preferences.javaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically = true;
        configuration.preferences = preferences;

        // 注册javascript能使用的全局方法的名称
        let userContentController = WKUserContentController();
        userContentController.add(self, name: "nativeFunc");
        let javascriptString = """
            const fn = () => {
                console.log("我是注入的js代码！js执行啦");
                window.webkit.messageHandlers.nativeFunc.postMessage({name: "hdy", age: 18});
            }
            fn();
            """
        let userScript = WKUserScript(source: javascriptString, injectionTime: .atDocumentStart, forMainFrameOnly: false);
        // 开始注入
        userContentController.addUserScript(userScript);
        configuration.userContentController = userContentController;
        
        wkView = WKWebView(frame: self.view.frame, configuration: configuration);
        self.view.addSubview(wkView!);
        let url = URL(string: "http://www.bilibili.com");
        let request = URLRequest(url: url!)
        wkView!.load(request);
    }
    
    // 接收js发送的消息
    func userContentController(_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
        print(message.body, message.name);
    }
}

UIScrollCView

let scrollView = UIScrollView(frame: self.view.frame);
self.view.addSubview(scrollView);

let subView1 = UIView(frame: self.view.frame);
subView1.backgroundColor = UIColor.red;
scrollView.addSubview(subView1);

let subView2 = UIView(frame: self.view.frame);
subView2.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue;
scrollView.addSubview(subView2);

// 固定尺寸，来计算需要的尺寸
scrollView.contentSize = CGSize(width: self.view.frame.width, height: self.view.frame.height * 2);

// 划过头回弹效果
scrollView.bounces = false;

scrollView.alwaysBounceVertical = false; // 竖直方向回弹
scrollView.alwaysBounceHorizontal = false;// 水平方向回弹

// 滚动条显示
scrollView.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = false; // 竖直滚动条
scrollView.showsHorizontalScrollIndicator = false; // 水平滚动条

// 自动分页，轮播图的效果
scrollView.isPagingEnabled = true;

• 状态监听方法

class ViewController: UIViewController, UIScrollViewDelegate {
    optional func scrollViewDidScroll(_ scrollView: UIScrollView)
    optional func scrollViewDidZoom(_ scrollView: UIScrollView)
    optional func scrollViewWillBeginDragging(_ scrollView: UIScrollView)
    optional func scrollViewWillEndDragging(_ scrollView: UIScrollView, withVelocity velocity: CGPoint, targetContentOffset: UnsafeMutablePointer<CGPoint>)
    optional func scrollViewDidEndDragging(_ scrollView: UIScrollView, willDecelerate decelerate: Bool)
    optional func scrollViewWillBeginDecelerating(_ scrollView: UIScrollView)
    optional func scrollViewDidEndDecelerating(_ scrollView: UIScrollView)
    optional func scrollViewDidEndScrollingAnimation(_ scrollView: UIScrollView)
    optional func viewForZooming(in scrollView: UIScrollView) -> UIView?
    optional func scrollViewWillBeginZooming(_ scrollView: UIScrollView, with view: UIView?)
    optional func scrollViewDidEndZooming(_ scrollView: UIScrollView, with view: UIView?, atScale scale: CGFloat)
    optional func scrollViewShouldScrollToTop(_ scrollView: UIScrollView) -> Bool
    optional func scrollViewDidScrollToTop(_ scrollView: UIScrollView)
    optional func scrollViewDidChangeAdjustedContentInset(_ scrollView: UIScrollView)
}

UITableView

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource {
    var dataArray: Array<String> = ["第一行", "第二行", "第三行", "第四行", "第五行"];
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        let tableView = UITableView(frame: self.view.frame, style: .grouped);
        
        tableView.register(NSClassFromString("UITableViewCell"), forCellReuseIdentifier: "TableViewCellId");
        tableView.delegate = self;
        tableView.dataSource = self;
        self.view.addSubview(tableView);
        tableView.bounces = false;
    }

    // 分区个数
    func numberOfSections(in tableView: UITableView) -> Int {
        return 2;
    }
    
    // 行数
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return dataArray.count;
    }
    
    // 重要：每行内容
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "TableViewCellId", for: indexPath)
        cell.textLabel?.text = dataArray[indexPath.row];
        return cell;
    }

    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, titleForHeaderInSection section: Int) -> String? {
        return "分区头部";
    }
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, titleForFooterInSection section: Int) -> String? {
        return "分区尾部";
    }
}

• 定义数据类

import UIKit

class TableData: NSObject {
    var done = false;
    var title = "";
    init(_ title: String = "", _ done: Bool = false) {
        self.done = done
        self.title = title
    }
}

• 定义UI连接文件
• 定义reuseIdentifier：组件复用id，在页面可见高度上一直复用同一组件，只改数据，提升性能
• 将类名和reuseIdentifier的值配置到UI组件上，关联页面TableViewCell和控制器类

import UIKit

class TableViewCell: UITableViewCell {

    // 连接label
    @IBOutlet weak var title: UILabel!
    // 连接button
    @IBOutlet weak var switchBtn: UISwitch!

    // 定义本组件的复用id，一个页面只展示部分同一类组件，组件复用，性能好
    static let reuseIdentifier = "itemCell"

    // 管理本组件的数据，类传递引用，因此会直接改
    var model: TableData = TableData("", false);

    // 让父组件 tableView 统一调用的方法，初始化本组件数据
    func config(_ model: TableData) {
        // 给关联组件传值要放在这里
        title.text = model.title
        switchBtn.isOn = model.done
        self.model = model
    }

    @IBAction func toogleTouch() {
        self.model.done = switchBtn.isOn
    }
}

• 定义tableView（继承UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate类）
• UI关联类
• 在viewDidLoad指定delegate和dataSource代理连接，并且view添加上table
• 实现几个主要实现方法：行数/cell内容

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate {
    @IBOutlet weak var tableView: UITableView!
    var dataArray: Array<TableData> = [
        TableData("吃饭", false),
        TableData("打游戏", false),
        TableData("睡觉", false),
    ];
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        tableView.delegate = self;
        tableView.dataSource = self;
        self.view.addSubview(tableView);

        // 是否使用 弹性滚动边界
        tableView.bounces = false;
    }
    // 按钮事件
    @IBAction func addItem(senter: UIButton) {
        dataArray.append(TableData("接着睡觉", false));
        tableView.reloadData();
    }

    // 分区个数
    func numberOfSections(in tableView: UITableView) -> Int {
        return 1;
    }
    
    // 行数
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return dataArray.count;
    }
    
    // 每行内容
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {

        // 重点：调用指定类，并且指定复用id
        let cell = (tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: TableViewCell.reuseIdentifier, for: indexPath))as! TableViewCell
        
        cell.config(dataArray[indexPath.row]);
        return cell;
    }
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, titleForHeaderInSection section: Int) -> String? {
        return "今日任务";
    }
}

添加事件

• 添加action事件，
• @IBAction和senter需要固定

// 按钮事件
@IBAction func addItem(senter: UIButton) {
    print("aaaaa")
}